{"id":38,"date":"2007-03-03T00:35:20","date_gmt":"2007-03-03T07:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/?p=38"},"modified":"2007-03-03T00:35:20","modified_gmt":"2007-03-03T07:35:20","slug":"ive-got-dna-ive-got-dna-ive-got-dna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/?p=38","title":{"rendered":"I&#8217;ve got DNA!  I&#8217;ve got DNA!  I&#8217;ve got DNA!&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As you can see, I&#8217;ve got DNA.  I&#8217;ve been trying to get this stuff successfully extracted and the 16s <span class=\"moreinfo\" title=\"That is, the DNA sequence that codes for an RNA sequence in the ribosome\">rDNA<\/span> <span class=\"moreinfo\" title=\"artificially generating lots of copies of a particular bit of DNA\">amplified<\/span> for months (off and on) now.  Looks like doing the whole-genome-amplification step first did the trick &#8211; this is from a set of mixed <span class=\"moreinfo\" title=\"They came from samples taken from the extra-salty northern end of the already-salty Great Salt Lake in Utah\">halophiles<\/span> in a <span class=\"moreinfo\" title=\"Okay, sorry, couldn't resist.  I mean 'anaerobic', of course.\">phlogisticated<\/span> environment growing in approximately 18% salt solution, and they grow very slowly.  It&#8217;s hard to get enough DNA extracted from such a small population to do useful work with.<img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: 1px none black; float: right\" alt=\"image of electrophoresis of 16s DNA amplicons\" title=\"I've got DNA!  I've got DNA!\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/images\/20070302Gel.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The gel &#8220;bands&#8221; you see to the right of the image are (or at least should be) made of copies of the DNA which codes for various &#8220;<span class=\"moreinfo\" title=\"This is the sequence normally used to identify bacterial species\">16s small-subunit ribosomal RNA<\/span>&#8221; sequences for the one-or-more different kinds of prokaryotes living in my culture.  The brighter the band, the more DNA is there.<\/p>\n<p>Since all of the samples were processed exactly the same way, then, the brightness of the band <em>should<\/em>, at least indirectly, indicate how many bacteria were in each sample to begin with.  This isn&#8217;t <em>necessarily<\/em> true &#8211; there can be variation in how many copies of the gene each kind of bacteria has, so if the populations are very different the results could be misleading.  Still, it&#8217;s gratifying that my little &#8216;proof-of-concept&#8217; experiment not only finally gave me some DNA but even shows exactly the kind of difference I originally hoped for.  (The second &#8220;lane&#8221; from the top with the brightest band was SUPPOSED to be enriched for certain types of bacteria, according to my hypothesis.  The first &#8220;lane&#8221; should have had less, and it does.  The third lane is my &#8220;positive control&#8221;, growing without special influences, and the fourth lane with no DNA visible is my negative control, which I hoped would have little or no DNA (indicating little or no bacteria growing in it) &#8211; and that&#8217;s what I see.<\/p>\n<p>It doesn&#8217;t prove anything at this point, but finally getting results and having them turn out to look the way I&#8217;d hoped is a good start.  I wonder if I can get them into a <span class=\"moreinfo\" title=\"a bunch of different bacterial cultures, each ideally containing a 'cloned' copy of one version of the gene we're examining\">clone library<\/span>, separated, and sequenced before next weekend?<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ll have to remember to thank last semester&#8217;s &#8220;Senior Seminar in Microbiology&#8221; instructor for assigning me that paper[1] &#8211; I thought some of the technology described in it sounded like it&#8217;d be useful to me personally.<\/p>\n<p>Anybody else going to the Northwest Regional ASM meeting next weekend?&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"citation\">[1] Wu L, Liu X, Schadt CW, Zhou J: &#8220;Microarray-based analysis of subnanogram quantities of microbial community DNAs by using whole-community genome amplification.&#8221;  Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jul;72(7):4931-41.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As you can see, I&#8217;ve got DNA. I&#8217;ve been trying to get this stuff successfully extracted and the 16s rDNA amplified for months (off and on) now. Looks like doing the whole-genome-amplification step first did the trick &#8211; this is from a set of mixed halophiles in a phlogisticated environment growing in approximately 18% salt &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/?p=38\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">I&#8217;ve got DNA!  I&#8217;ve got DNA!  I&#8217;ve got DNA!&#8230;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,15,6,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-me-me-me","category-methods","category-microbiology","category-nerdity"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bigroom.org\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}